Despite the criticisms often levelled at the Community institutions Essay

Despite the criticisms often levelled at the Community institutions and their powers to legislate, it should be remembered that ultimate power still lies with t - Essay Example The legal scheme said to be designed by the Treaty at the outset has been assessed as having shortfalls in its objective of ensuring that the EC law be properly applied by the Member States. Article 169 procedures as a legal instrument in fighting against all the failures to fulfill obligations accordingly is not appropriate. This implies the need to create additional means to enforce and supervise the EC law (Gil Ibà ¡Ãƒ ±ez, 1997). To date, the Community and its underlying legal order can only hold on if that legal order is safeguarded and complied with and the Community law directly applied, with its primacy over national law (ABC of community law, 2004). For all its imperfections, however, the European Community legal order is said to have greatly helped in solving the political, economic and social problems of the Member States (ABC of community law, 2004). But there is yet the tag and pull when it comes to location of power in most aspects. Different institutions cooperate and govern the European Union and the most important of these are the Council, the Commission, the European Parliament and the Court of Justice. (EU Law, n.d.). With its own set of legislation, the European Community also has the laws of its member states. EC Law is concerned with treaties, regulations, and decisions of the European Court of Justice (Ibid). Made within the part of the European Union called the European Communities (EC), the EC Law is only the legislation that is applicable, hence called EC law. Based on the Treaties, it is the fundamental rules of the EU serving as agreements between the Member States. EC law comprises four different fields, namely primary law (the Treaties and the accession treaties of the new Member States), secondary law (all existing legal acts accepted by institutions of the European Union), international agreements between the European Union and

Physical and Psychological abuse on a child cause devasting and even Essay

Physical and Psychological abuse on a child cause devasting and even fatal consequences - Essay Example Abusers often raise abusers so it seldom stops in one generation. The goal would be to figure out what allows some abused children to grow up not being an abuser and use that to help others. Much more attention needs to be spent on child abuse. It needs the same attention as other public health issues, such as smoking and obesity. Only then can we find a cure for the problem that causes such pain for many. Children who have been abused may suffer long term effects. Those effects may be different for different children but the victimization creates symptoms ranging from self-doubt to self-loathing In some cases the effects of being a victim never go away while some with the correct support may turn this self-doubt or self-loathing into that of survival. Many studies have been done in an effort to predict what might be the effects for each child as they grow older This paper will discuss what child abuse actually is, how prevalent it is and what the long term effects are recent studies will be used to support information presented. Studies show that children who have been abused suffer long term affects, such as self doubt and self loathing as modes of survival. Child maltreatment or abuse is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) as the abuse of power that might harm the childs health, survival, dignity, or development. This is the basis for their definition of violence against children which broadens the scope from just violence to include social and environmental harm (Widom, et. al., 2008). This definition involves most kinds of violence against children as most of them are power issues. Putting a child in a position of having no power strongly affects tat childs self esteem causing him to b less assertive against the perpetrator. Philip Hyden (1999) describes the symptoms of abuse that might be seen in the emergency room. There are many possible approaches to reporting child abuse but unfortunately